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Romania
Romania(/roʊˈmeɪniə/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e5/En-us-Romania.ogg/En-us-Romania.ogg.mp3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:En-us-Romania.ogg
ⓘ
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key
roh-MAY-nee-ə ;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_language
Romanian:
România
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian
[romɨˈni.a]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/Ro-Rom%C3%A2nia.ogg/Ro-Rom%C3%A2nia.ogg.mp3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ro-Rom%C3%A2nia.ogg
ⓘ ) is a country at the crossroads of
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Europe
Central,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Europe
Easternand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Europe
Southeast Europe.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#cite_note-14
14
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#cite_note-15
15
It borders
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine
Ukraineto the north and east,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungary
Hungaryto the west,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbia
Serbiato the southwest,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria
Bulgariato the south,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moldova
Moldovato the east, and the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sea
Black Seato the southeast.
It has a predominantly
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_climate
continental climate, and an area of 238,397km2(92,046sqmi), with a population of 19 million people (2023).
Romania is the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_area
twelfth-largest countryin Europe and the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_European_Union_member_states_by_population
sixth-most populousmember state of the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union
European Union.
Its capital and largest city is
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest
Bucharest, followed by
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ia%C8%99i
Iași,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluj-Napoca
Cluj-Napoca,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timi%C8%99oara
Timișoara,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constan%C8%9Ba
Constanța,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craiova
Craiova,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bra%C8%99ov
Brașov, and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gala%C8%9Bi
Galați.
Europe's second-longest river, the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danube
Danube, rises in Germany's
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Forest
Black Forestand flows southeast for 2,857km (1,775mi), before emptying into Romania's
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danube_Delta
Danube Delta.
The
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpathian_Mountains
Carpathian Mountainscross Romania from the north to the southwest and include
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moldoveanu_Peak
Moldoveanu Peak, at an altitude of 2,544m (8,346ft).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#cite_note-16
16
Settlement in what is now Romania began in the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lower_Paleolithic
Lower Paleolithicfollowed by written records attesting the kingdom of
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dacia
Dacia,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajan%27s_Dacian_Wars
its conquest, and subsequent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_(cultural)
Romanisationby the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire
Roman Empireduring
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late_antiquity
late antiquity.
The modern Romanian state was formed in 1859 through a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_union
personal unionof the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Principalities_of_Moldavia_and_Wallachia
Danubian Principalitiesof
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moldavia
Moldaviaand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallachia
Wallachia.
The new state, officially named Romania since 1866, gained independence from the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire
Ottoman Empirein 1877.
During
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I
World War I, after declaring its
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutral_country
neutralityin 1914, Romania
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_I
foughttogether with the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_I
Allied Powersfrom 1916.
In the aftermath of the war,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukovina
Bukovina,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessarabia
Bessarabia,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transylvania
Transylvania, and parts of
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banat
Banat,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cri%C8%99ana
Crișana, and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maramure%C8%99
Maramureșbecame part of the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania
Kingdom of Romania.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#cite_note-17
17
In June–August1940, as a consequence of the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact
Molotov–Ribbentrop Pactand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Vienna_Award
Second Vienna Award, Romania was compelled to cede Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union
Soviet Unionand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Transylvania
Northern Transylvaniato Hungary.
In November1940, Romania signed the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripartite_Pact
Tripartite Pactand, consequently, in June1941 entered
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II
World War IIon the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis_powers
Axis side,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_II
fighting against the Soviet Unionuntil August1944, when it
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1944_Romanian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat
joinedthe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II
Alliesand recovered Northern Transylvania.
Following the war and occupation by the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Army
Red Army, Romania became a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania
socialist republicand a member of the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_Pact
Warsaw Pact.
After the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_Revolution
1989Revolution, Romania
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Romania_(1989%E2%80%93present)
began a transitiontowards
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy
democracyand a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_economy
market economy.
Romania is a developed country,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#cite_note-18
18
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#cite_note-19
19
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#cite_note-20
20
and an emerging middle power in international affairs.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#cite_note-21
21
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania#cite_note-22
22
Its economy ranks among the fastest growing in the European Union, being the world's
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)
44th largest by nominal GDP, and the 36th largest by PPP.
Romania experienced rapid economic growth in the early 2000s; its economy is now based predominantly on services.
It is a producer and net exporter of cars and electric energy through companies like
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_Dacia
Automobile Daciaand OMV
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrom
Petrom.
The majority of Romania's population are ethnic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanians
Romaniansand religiously identify themselves as
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy
Eastern Orthodox Christians, speaking
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_language
Romanian, a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_languages
Romance language(more specifically
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Romance_languages
Eastern Romance/Balkan Romance).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balkan_Romance_languages
Romania is a member of the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations
United Nations, the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union
European Union,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO
NATO, the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Europe
Council of Europe,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organization_of_the_Black_Sea_Economic_Cooperation
BSECand
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization
WTO.